Skip to main content

More Sites for Foreign-worker Housing

  • Ministry of Manpower (23 January 2007): More Sites for Foreign-worker Housing
  • The Straits Times (15 January 2007): Home for Them is...
  • The Straits Times (15 January 2007): Space Crunch


 

More Sites for Foreign-worker Housing
- The Straits Times, 23 January 2007


Please refer to the report “Space crunch” and “Home for them is…” by Arlina Arshad (Straits Times, 15 Jan 2007), which looked into the housing situation for foreign workers in Singapore.

2.  Employers are required under work permit conditions to house their workers in acceptable conditions. These conditions are specified by the relevant agencies to protect against fire hazards and to ensure structural safety, proper sanitation and hygiene. A coordinating committee involving the various ministries and government agencies has been set up since early 2006 to supply sufficient land for the construction of dormitories as well as to monitor and take enforcement action against errant parties housing such workers in unacceptable conditions. 80% of foreign workers in Singapore currently reside in purpose-built dormitories, quarters constructed on land approved by the various land agencies, or other approved factory-converted dormitories.

3.  As the article rightly pointed out, there has been a surge in demand due to strong economic growth for the last three years – particularly in sectors such as construction and marine which have a higher proportion of foreign workers. To meet this surge in housing demand for foreign workers, an increase in housing capacity is required. The Ministry of National Development (MND) will release additional sites to meet the demand for foreign worker housing. At the same time, other measures – including conversion of industrial premises to workers' dormitories, reviewing the maximum capacity of dormitories and increasing the availability of on-site housing – will be implemented.

4.  Concurrently, inspections and enforcement actions have also been stepped up to ensure that foreign workers are housed in acceptable conditions. Between April 2005 and December 2006, the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) has warned 963 employers for housing their workers in non-approved accommodation and 12 employers were fined a total of $14,400. Enforcement actions have also been taken against errant dormitory operators for failure to meet the statutory requirements imposed, such as fire safety rules or environmental health regulations, etc.

5.  We will continue to provide more and monitor such facilities to house foreign workers. Employers will also be reminded that they are responsible to ensure that conditions comply with requirements throughout the tenure of their foreign workers.


Chionh Chye Khye
2 Deputy Secretary
Ministry of National Development

Aubeck Kam
Deputy Secretary
Ministry of Manpower

Co-Chairpersons
Foreign Worker Housing Coordinating Committee

 

Home for them is...
- The Straits Times, 15 January 2007


Home for them is...

Housing standards vary for the 420,000 foreign workers, excluding maids, living here, ranging from luxury dorms with high-tech security systems to illegal kampung sheds on Pulau Ubin. Arlina Arshad looks at their different living conditions.

An old school building with rubbish all around
The aroma of curry wafted through the canteen-cum-kitchen of Ama Keng Hostel in Lim Chu Kang.
More than 30 foreign workers were whipping up dinner on portable stoves in a dining and cooking area as big as a basketball court.

They did not seem to notice the dirty puddles on the floor, or the cabbage leaves and egg shells strewn around.

Early last month, when The Straits Times visited the school- turned-hostel - which is on the Manpower Ministry's list of approved workers' dormitories - two mongrels were feasting on food scraps.
The building's window panes were old and yellow. Damp clothes hung haphazardly on beams in the rooms. To 750 foreign workers, mainly from the marine industry, this was their home.
Getting into the hostel was easy. Visitors, mostly workers from nearby hostels, patronise the hostel's provision shop for beer and tidbits.

It appeared women visitors are a usual sight too. Workers would not say who these women are, but offered the tip that to enter the premises all you had to do was to saunter into the shop and 'pretend to buy things'. A man near the security post did not bat an eyelid when this reporter strolled in with a worker.

Hostel manager Eric Yeoh blamed workers for the dirty conditions. The place is scrubbed with high-pressure water hoses in the evening and cleaners do the job during the day, he said. 'Some workers don't use the toilets...and throw their rubbish all over the place.'

A run-down factory with many problems

In a secluded corner of Kim Chuan Drive stands a run-down workers' quarters.
At SGF Dormitory, blue canvas sheets pass for window curtains. Shower stalls are covered with green slime.

Mosquitoes have been found breeding there thrice between 2005 and last year.
That last transgression brought the dormitory operator composition fines of between $200 and $2,000.

The National Environment Agency checked the three- year-old place again last November and declared it to be in 'satisfactory condition'.

But a month later, SGF was in trouble again, this time with the Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF), which had been tipped off by The Straits Times: The dorm did not have a Fire Safety Certification; it had illegally converted the first-storey kitchen- cum-dining area into sleeping quarters; it was storing LPG gas without a licence.

For the three offences, they were issued with three notices of Fire Safety Offence, amounting to $1,500.

Last November, The Straits Times saw workers hosing themselves down in the open in a dimly-lit backyard because no bathroom had been provided for them on the first floor.
And with only four hoses available there, some workers were waking up at 4am to shower - or going without it.

In the sleeping quarters, double-decker beds were placed so close that only a narrow space was left between bunks.

Beds were found in the first-floor units, which were supposed to be cooking areas.

When The Straits Times revisited the dorm last week, few improvements were seen.

Dorm director Seah Kim Tek, 58, insisted he has addressed some of the authorities' concerns.

He claimed that: he had written to the Urban Redevelopment Authority for approval to convert the first floor's kitchen-cum-dining area into sleeping quarters; he had told the fuel supplier to get a licence for storing LPG tanks; he had also told the dorms' tenants to have no more than 60 workers in each of the 10 three-storey units.

But The Straits Times counted 100 beds in one unit. Mr Seah said: 'I only rent them the space. The tenants bought and arranged the beds themselves. They are stubborn and problematic. I am going to tell them to get out by the Chinese New Year.'

When asked if he was going to provide shower stalls and toilets for workers on the first floor, now that it was going to become sleeping quarters, he said: 'They shower at their construction site and then come here. Or they can go upstairs and shower.'

He was referring to the four shower stalls and six toilets on the upper floors.

Asked why workers were cooking in their sleeping quarters, he said, exasperated: 'I told them not to, but they still do it. What do you expect me to do? They refuse to cooperate!'

When asked why the toilet walls are green with slime although he had four cleaners and why canvas sheets were being used to keep out the rain, he replied: 'I can put air-con, provide fans, put up windows, but why do up the place so nicely? The tenants are not going to pay so much, and the workers are going to spoil the things.'

He reckons he has paid about $4,000 in fines since the dorm opened. Meanwhile, he is getting another more fire-safe design plan drawn up for submission to the SCDF.

He blamed his cleaning contractor for not fumigating the place regularly, government officials for 'digging out a mosquito larva hiding behind the brick', and his cooking-gas supplier for putting LPG tanks on the premises.

The workers were not spared in his blame game. He said they had filthy habits and were always squeezing in more people than allowed.

He said: 'These tenants beg you and dump all their sick and accident cases here. Then 'temporary' cases become permanent. I tell them: 'Only 40 to 50 workers a unit, no more, tolong!' '

He was forthcoming about another 'sin' - that, until late last year, the dorm had no water supply for fighting fires.

He said: 'I plan to curi (steal) water from the PUB pipe because PUB didn't want to supply. But there's no fire so, no need to steal. I am an honest man, I won't hide anything from you.'

A spartan shack with no beds initially

For two months, four men slept on thin mattresses laid on the cardboard-lined floor, in a Pulau Ubin kampung house the size of two Housing Board bedrooms.

Centipedes crawled in twice.

When the Malaysians asked their employer, Ban Chuan Trading and Engineering, for beds, they were told there was no money for that.

One worker was aghast. He said in Malay: 'I have worked in so many places in Malaysia, and there have always been proper beds and taps. This place is the worst.'

He and his three roommates are cleaners at the Outward Bound School.

Since they started work there, three of them have had falls or injuries requiring medical attention.

One of them said: 'Our boss told us that he would pay for only the first medical treatment. If we meet with more accidents, we will have to foot the bill.'

The men's lodgings are free, but they have to take a 30-minute bicycle ride to work. The bicycles were given to them.

The men were told that their food would be paid for, but have so far been paying for their own meals.
Their biggest grouse: that their employer was holding on to their passports.

When The Straits Times contacted Ban Chuan, its project manager, Mr Anand Sanmugam, said he did not know the men did not have beds. But by Dec 16, after The Straits Times' check, beds had been sent over.

As for the promise of free food, Mr Sanmugam said it was not in Ban Chuan's employment contract.
He also said the company was holding the men's passports for 'safety', but that he would return their passports on Dec 22. As of last Thursday, this had not happened.

Mr Sanmugam also denied that the company had refused to pay for the men's subsequent medical bills

A secure, well-equipped dorm with cable TV
Foreign workers staying at a Jurong dormitory must tap their access pass or have the veins in their hands scanned by electronic sensor gates before they are allowed into their dormitory.

A security guard stands at the gates of 58, Penjuru Place to keep strangers out. A full-time management officer looks after daily operations.

The 6,000-or-so marine and manufacturing workers who live at the Penjuru Dormitory 1 are lucky compared to their peers living in sub-standard lodgings elsewhere.

There is a well-stocked minimart, a canteen selling Indian and Bangladeshi food, a multi-purpose hall and meeting rooms for employers and their workers. There is also a fitness park.

Each of the 384 units is equipped with its own kitchen, two toilets and a laundry area. Cable television is also available.

Up to 18 men can live in each unit. Each has a locker for his belongings.

Located near shipyards, petrochemical industries and factories, the dorm is the latest of four dorms run by Mini Environment Service. Penjuru Dormitory 2, coming up next door, will house another 6,000 workers by the middle of this year.

Employers pay $110 a month for each worker they place there. Workers, however, pay for their own food and utilities.

Mr Haja Najbudhin, 27, from India, for example, spends $300 of his $800 monthly pay on utilities and food.

MES executive director Lakshmanan S. said the workers have to abide by house rules, which means no gambling and drinking, among other things.

What workers' dormitories should have
Guidelines for standalone dormitories, according to the Code of Practice on Environmental Health:
• If the dormitory does not provide a separate space for cupboards or lockers, the minimum room space should be 4 sq m per person. Otherwise, it is 3 sq m per person.
• The room must be adequately ventilated and lit.
• Adequate number of toilets and sanitary fittings shall be provided. For construction sites with living quarters, a water closet, wash basin, urinal, bench and hanger must be provided for every 15 men or fewer.
Guidelines for workers' dormitories within industrial buildings and warehouses, according to the Urban Redevelopment Authority:
• The workers' quarters shall not exceed 40 per cent of the gross floor area of the building.
• The number of workers must comply with technical requirements of other agencies, including the National Environment Agency and Fire Safety & Shelter Department. The total number of workers shall not exceed 500.
• Dormitories should be located away from residential estates.


Space crunch
- The Straits Times, 15 January 2007


Industry wonders where to house 50,000 foreign workers heading here
Wave of 50,000 foreign workers will sweep into Singapore in the next few years as major construction projects get under way - but housing those now here is already a big headache.

Many of the 420,000 work permit holders here, excluding maids, are being put up in illegal lodgings, often with sub-standard facilities.The Manpower Ministry (MOM) website lists 31 commercially-run workers' dormitories and 34 lessees of temporary workers' quarters scattered across the island.

These are 'off-site' quarters, which mean a daily commute for what the industry players estimate to be 120,000 residents they house. Standards and living conditions vary at these approved quarters - described by the industry as the best.

The snag: Many are full and have long waiting lists.

As many as half the workers are housed in on-site quarters. A small-scale Singapore Contractors Association Limited (SCAL) survey of 230 construction companies housing 12,000 workers found that half of these workers were in on-site lodgings.

While these quarters do not need planning approval by the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA), the stand-alone, off-site ones are bound by the Code of Practice on Environmental Health.

The code requires each worker to have at least 4sqm of space if no lockers are provided, and 3sqm with lockers. The room also has to be adequately airy and lit.

The URA bars foreign workers from occupying private apartments and landed residential properties, but dormitory operators reckon a quarter of work permit holders here are flouting this rule.

Dormitory operators and employers want to see more space freed up, so that more dormitories - with proper facilities - can be constructed ahead of the surge of foreign workers heading here for work on major projects, such as the integrated resorts.

The industry also wants dormitories to be better equipped, and for more stringent checks to ensure minimum standards in hygiene and safety.

A third item on the industry's wish list: a single government agency to oversee foreign worker housing.
As it stands now, different aspects of the issue come under the URA, MOM, the Building and Construction Authority, the Singapore Civil Defence Force, and the National Environment Agency (NEA).

The industry has grounds for concern. One stems from the Housing Board's ban last November on flat owners renting their flats to non-Malaysian construction workers.

At around the same time, the URA relaxed the rules to let foreign construction and factory workers stay in dormitories converted from warehouses, which were previously meant only for employees who worked in those buildings.

The problem was that the URA move did not ease the space crunch.

Industry experts said the URA was merely making illegal quarters for those not working in the building legal, rather than increasing housing options.

Mr Foo Kok Kiong, president of the Building Construction and Timber Industries Employees' Union, said $200 per worker was a 'reasonable' amount for employers to foot. It should cover room, food and utilities.

But he noted that some employers - especially those hiring fewer than 100 workers - were spending only $50 a worker.

He said: 'Employers rent a room from dormitory operators for $1,000 and squeeze in as many people as possible. Most dorm operators don't care and, so far, we have not heard of anyone being penalised for this.'

A Straits Times check with five dormitories, including two approved by the authorities, found many wanting. (See accompanying stories.)

For the moment, not a single industry player - be it a government agency, construction firm, union leader or dormitory operator - knows exactly how many illegal dormitories exist or where they are.

Employers who house workers in illegal quarters say they do it because of the lack of dormitories.

The space crunch gets so bad sometimes that tumpang cases are common, said Mr Foo, referring to the employers' practice of paying another employer to house their workers.

If caught using private apartments as a dormitory, an employer can be fined up to $200,000 under the Planning Act. Fines of $8,000 to $10,000 are more usual, industry players told The Straits Times.

The NEA also does some policing. It checked 53 dormitories last year and issued 14 $200 summonses for mosquito-breeding.

The Ministry of National Development is now identifying sites suitable for building dormitories and preparing them for public tender.